Frozen Embryo Transfer (ET) is a procedure used in assisted reproductive technology (ART) to transfer cryopreserved embryos into a woman's uterus for the purpose of achieving pregnancy. ET is often performed as part of an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle, where excess embryos from a previous IVF cycle are frozen for future use. Here’s an overview of the ET treatment process:
Book Appointment
After undergoing ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, fertilization, and embryo culture as part of an IVF cycle, any excess embryos that are not transferred during the fresh cycle may be cryopreserved (frozen) for future use. Embryos can be frozen at various stages of development, typically either at the cleavage stage (day 2 or 3) or the blastocyst stage (day 5 or 6).
When a couple decides to undergo an ET cycle, the cryopreserved embryos are thawed in the laboratory under controlled conditions. The embryos are gradually warmed to room temperature and assessed for viability and survival following the thawing process.
In preparation for embryo transfer, the woman's uterine lining (endometrium) is prepared to create an optimal environment for embryo implantation. This may involve hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or a natural cycle approach, depending on factors such as the woman's menstrual cycle, hormone levels, and previous response to treatment.
In an HRT cycle, estrogen medication is administered orally, transdermally (via patches), or vaginally to thicken the endometrial lining. Progesterone supplementation is then introduced to mimic the natural rise in progesterone levels that occurs during the menstrual cycle, preparing the endometrium for embryo transfer.
In a natural cycle ET, embryo transfer is timed to coincide with the woman's natural ovulation cycle. Monitoring of the woman's menstrual cycle and hormone levels helps determine the optimal timing for embryo transfer without the use of hormonal medications.
Once the endometrial lining is deemed sufficiently thick and receptive, the thawed embryos are transferred into the woman's uterus. The embryo transfer procedure is typically performed in the clinic without anesthesia. A thin catheter containing the selected embryos is inserted through the cervix and into the uterus, where the embryos are gently released.
Following embryo transfer, the woman may be prescribed progesterone supplements to support the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and improve the chances of embryo implantation and early pregnancy.
Approximately two weeks after embryo transfer, the woman undergoes a pregnancy test to determine if implantation has occurred. If the pregnancy test is positive, further monitoring and prenatal care are initiated. If the pregnancy test is negative, the couple may discuss further fertility treatment options with their healthcare provider.
ET offers several advantages compared to fresh embryo transfer, including:
Couples considering ET should discuss the potential benefits, risks, and success rates with their fertility specialist to determine if it is the right treatment option for their individual circumstances. At Bliss IVF, our experienced team is dedicated to providing comprehensive care and personalized treatment plans to help you achieve your dream of parenthood. We are committed to guiding you through every step of your fertility treatment journey with compassion and expertise.
